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Flying Dutchman - перевод на Английский
![Wallerstein, Immanuel]] (2011). ''The Modern World-System II: Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600–1750''. (New York: Academic Press, 1980), p. 43–44. As Immanuel Wallerstein (1980) remarked, the Dutch shipbuilding industry was "of modern dimensions, inclining strongly toward standardised, repetitive methods. It was highly mechanized and used many labor-saving devices – wind-powered sawmills, powered feeders for saw, block and tackles, great cranes to move heavy timbers – all of which increased productivity."</ref><ref>Lunsford, Virginia W.: ''Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands''. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), p. 69. "By seventeenth century standards," as [[Richard Unger]] affirms, Dutch shipbuilding "was a massive industry and larger than any shipbuilding industry which had preceded it."</ref><ref>Moore, Jason W. (2010). "'Amsterdam is Standing on Norway' Part II: The Global North Atlantic in the Ecological Revolution of the Long Seventeenth Century," Journal of Agrarian Change, 10, 2, p. 188–227</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aernout Smit Table Bay, 1683 William Fehr Collection Cape Town.jpg?width=200 "Wallerstein, Immanuel]] (2011). ''The Modern World-System II: Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600–1750''. (New York: Academic Press, 1980), p. 43–44. As Immanuel Wallerstein (1980) remarked, the Dutch shipbuilding industry was \"of modern dimensions, inclining strongly toward standardised, repetitive methods. It was highly mechanized and used many labor-saving devices – wind-powered sawmills, powered feeders for saw, block and tackles, great cranes to move heavy timbers – all of which increased productivity.\"</ref><ref>Lunsford, Virginia W.: ''Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands''. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), p. 69. \"By seventeenth century standards,\" as [[Richard Unger]] affirms, Dutch shipbuilding \"was a massive industry and larger than any shipbuilding industry which had preceded it.\"</ref><ref>Moore, Jason W. (2010). \"'Amsterdam is Standing on Norway' Part II: The Global North Atlantic in the Ecological Revolution of the Long Seventeenth Century,\" Journal of Agrarian Change, 10, 2, p. 188–227</ref>")
![southern tip of Africa]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anonymous The Noord-Nieuwland in Table Bay, 1762.jpg?width=200 "southern tip of Africa]].")
![Disney's ''Flying Dutchman'' prop used in ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean]]'' moored at [[Castaway Cay]] cruise ship terminal](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flying Dutchman at Castaway Cay.JPG?width=200 "Disney's ''Flying Dutchman'' prop used in ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean]]'' moored at [[Castaway Cay]] cruise ship terminal")
![[[KLM]] using the slogan](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/KLM Flying Dutchman Poster (19290401110).jpg?width=200 "[[KLM]] using the slogan")
![In the [[Age of Sail]], the [[Brouwer Route]], devised by the Dutch [[navigator]] [[Hendrik Brouwer]] in 1611, greatly reduced the voyage between [[Cape of Good Hope]] ([[Dutch Cape Colony]]) to [[Java]] ([[Dutch East Indies]]) from almost 12 months to about 6 months, compared to the previous Arab and Portuguese monsoon route.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The-Brouwer-Route.jpg?width=200 "In the [[Age of Sail]], the [[Brouwer Route]], devised by the Dutch [[navigator]] [[Hendrik Brouwer]] in 1611, greatly reduced the voyage between [[Cape of Good Hope]] ([[Dutch Cape Colony]]) to [[Java]] ([[Dutch East Indies]]) from almost 12 months to about 6 months, compared to the previous Arab and Portuguese monsoon route.")
![Replica of an [[East Indiaman]] of the [[Dutch East India Company]]/[[United East Indies Company]] (VOC). The legend of the ''Flying Dutchman'' is likely to have originated from the 17th-century golden age of the VOC.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie spiegelretourschip Amsterdam replica.jpg?width=200 "Replica of an [[East Indiaman]] of the [[Dutch East India Company]]/[[United East Indies Company]] (VOC). The legend of the ''Flying Dutchman'' is likely to have originated from the 17th-century golden age of the VOC.")
![''Der fliegende Holländer'']]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wagner - Der fliegende Holländer - Maurice Renaud as the Dutchman - Berger - The Victrola book of the opera.jpg?width=200 "''Der fliegende Holländer'']]")
![October 1957 issue of ''[[Amazing Stories]]'' magazine devoted to flying saucers. The sightings starting in 1947 ignited an obsession with flying saucers that lasted a decade.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amazing Stories October 1957.jpg?width=200 "October 1957 issue of ''[[Amazing Stories]]'' magazine devoted to flying saucers. The sightings starting in 1947 ignited an obsession with flying saucers that lasted a decade.")
![Avrocar]], a one-person flying saucer-style aircraft](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Avrocar flying.jpg?width=200 "Avrocar]], a one-person flying saucer-style aircraft")
![Fata Morgana]] of distant islands distorted images beyond recognition](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fata Morgana of islands.jpg?width=200 "Fata Morgana]] of distant islands distorted images beyond recognition")
![''News notice'' printed in [[Nuremberg]], describing 4 April 1561 Nuremberg mass sighting. Discs and spheres were said to emerge from large cylinders. From [[Wickiana]] collection in [[Zürich]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Himmelserscheinung über Nürnberg vom 14. April 1561.jpg?width=200 "''News notice'' printed in [[Nuremberg]], describing 4 April 1561 Nuremberg mass sighting. Discs and spheres were said to emerge from large cylinders. From [[Wickiana]] collection in [[Zürich]].")
![A small flying saucer leaves its larger mothership in ''[[Plan 9 from Outer Space]]'' (1957).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Plan9SaucerShadow.jpg?width=200 "A small flying saucer leaves its larger mothership in ''[[Plan 9 from Outer Space]]'' (1957).")
![One of the first depictions of a "flying saucer", by illustrator [[Frank R. Paul]] on the October 1929 issue of [[Hugo Gernsback]]'s pulp [[science fiction]] magazine ''[[Science Wonder Stories]]''. Although the term wasn't used before 1947, fantasy artwork in [[pulp magazine]]s prepared the American mind to be receptive to the idea of "flying saucers".](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Science Wonder Stories Nov 1929 - flying saucer.jpg?width=200 "One of the first depictions of a \"flying saucer\", by illustrator [[Frank R. Paul]] on the October 1929 issue of [[Hugo Gernsback]]'s pulp [[science fiction]] magazine ''[[Science Wonder Stories]]''. Although the term wasn't used before 1947, fantasy artwork in [[pulp magazine]]s prepared the American mind to be receptive to the idea of \"flying saucers\".")
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![Bf 109 fighter]], eventually landing without crew injuries.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/19430201AllAmericanB17inFlight.jpg?width=200 "Bf 109 fighter]], eventually landing without crew injuries.")
 bombers at the airfield of Boeing's Seattle plant. The ship will... - NARA - 196372.jpg?width=200 "Boeing-built B-17Fs, with the clear-view two-piece Plexiglas bombardier's nose.")
![Pearl Harbor]], with framed nose glazing of the style retained through the B-17E model](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B-17B Bombers at March Field, California prior to 7 December 1941.jpg?width=200 "Pearl Harbor]], with framed nose glazing of the style retained through the B-17E model")
![gondola]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B-17C with RAF colors.jpg?width=200 "gondola]]")
![15 October}} 1944; the bombardier was killed.<ref>[http://www.398th.org/Images/Images_Aircraft_B-17/Aircraft/43-38172-3O-P_19441015_JBk.html "43-38172."] ''398th.org''. Retrieved: 24 January 2012.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B-17 Damage Cologne.jpg?width=200 "15 October}} 1944; the bombardier was killed.<ref>[http://www.398th.org/Images/Images_Aircraft_B-17/Aircraft/43-38172-3O-P_19441015_JBk.html \"43-38172.\"] ''398th.org''. Retrieved: 24 January 2012.</ref>")
![Formation flying through dense [[flak]] over [[Merseburg]], Germany](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B-17 Schweinfurt.jpg?width=200 "Formation flying through dense [[flak]] over [[Merseburg]], Germany")
![Nose of a B-17G being restored at the [[Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B-17 at Mighty 8th Air Force Museum, Pooler, GA, US.jpg?width=200 "Nose of a B-17G being restored at the [[Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum]]")
![Douglas]] plant in [[Long Beach, California]], October 1942](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B17F - Woman workers at the Douglas Aircraft Company plant, Long Beach, Calif.jpg?width=200 "Douglas]] plant in [[Long Beach, California]], October 1942")
![Postwar SB-17G-95DL (ser. no. ''44-83722''), assigned to the 2nd ERS as a search-and-rescue aircraft, beside a [[Stinson L-5]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Boeing SB-17G.jpg?width=200 "Postwar SB-17G-95DL (ser. no. ''44-83722''), assigned to the 2nd ERS as a search-and-rescue aircraft, beside a [[Stinson L-5]]")
![[[Forrest L. Vosler]] receiving Medal of Honor from President Roosevelt](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Forrest-L-Vosler.png?width=200 "[[Forrest L. Vosler]] receiving Medal of Honor from President Roosevelt")
![398th Bombardment Group]] flying a bombing mission to [[Neumünster]], Germany, on 13 April 1945.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Living Legends.jpg?width=200 "398th Bombardment Group]] flying a bombing mission to [[Neumünster]], Germany, on 13 April 1945.")
![Maynard H. Smith]] receiving Medal of Honor from [[Secretary of War]] [[Henry L. Stimson]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maynard-H-Smith.png?width=200 "Maynard H. Smith]] receiving Medal of Honor from [[Secretary of War]] [[Henry L. Stimson]]")
![WASP]]<ref name="museum2" />](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nancy Love and Betty Gillies.jpg?width=200 "WASP]]<ref name=\"museum2\" />")
![Liberty Belle]]", but was lost in a post-forced-landing fire near [[Oswego, Illinois]], on 13 June 2011.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pratt-Whitney T-34 B-17 testbed NAN10-50.jpg?width=200 "Liberty Belle]]\", but was lost in a post-forced-landing fire near [[Oswego, Illinois]], on 13 June 2011.")
![Under project '''Cadillac II''', an AN/APS-20 radar was fitted onto the B-17G, making the PB-1W one of the first [[Airborne early warning]] aircraft.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/US Navy PB-1W.jpg?width=200 "Under project '''Cadillac II''', an AN/APS-20 radar was fitted onto the B-17G, making the PB-1W one of the first [[Airborne early warning]] aircraft.")
Определение
Википедия
The Flying Dutchman (Dutch: De Vliegende Hollander) is a legendary ghost ship, allegedly never able to make port, but doomed to sail the seven seas forever. The myths and ghost stories were likely to have originated from the 17th-century Golden Age of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and of Dutch maritime power. The oldest known extant version of the legend dates from the late 18th century. According to the legend, if hailed by another ship, the crew of the Flying Dutchman might try to send messages to land, or to people long dead. Reported sightings in the 19th and 20th centuries claimed that the ship glowed with a ghostly light. In ocean lore, the sight of this phantom ship functions as a portent of doom. It was commonly believed that the Flying Dutchman was a fluyt.
